Pain Control and Post-operative Ileus

نویسنده

  • Sylvain Nichols
چکیده

In any disease process, pain is always present. This pain can be acute or chronic. It can be caused by our treatment or by our manipulations. It is of variable intensity and the systemic adverse effects can differ from an animal to another. Pain always generates stress for the animal. In some situations, mild levels of pain can be beneficial and may help to avoid catastrophic failure of a fracture repair on adult cattle.

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تاریخ انتشار 2013